Superheater.



No. 659,070. Patented Oct. 2 I900. C. JACOBI.

SUPERHEATER.

(Application filed Oct. 5, 1899.)

No Model.)

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NITED STATES CARL JAOOBI, OF 'ASOHERSLEBEN, GERMANY.

SUFPERHEATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 659,070, dated October 2, 1900. Application filed October 5, 1899; serial No. 732,635. kilo model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, CARL J AOOBI, director, a subject of the King of Prussia, Emperor of Germany,residing at Aschersleben,Germany, have invented certain new and useful 'Improvements in Superheaters for Boilers; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention has relation to appliances usually combined with steam-generators for ob taining dry or superheated steam, and more particularly to superheaters for multitubular boilers, whether stationary or locomotive.

For the purpose of obtaining dry or Super heated steam apparatus of the most varied construction have before my invention been proposed or used. Many of them have proven unreliable or inefficient, while others have the disadvantage of being rendered practically useless by the action of the intense heat to which they are subjected, notwithstanding certain safeguards provided. This is more especially the case in that type of superheater wherein the steam to be superheated is caused to circulate through so-called bundles of tubes or through a serpentine pipe contained in a heating-pipe of considerable cross-sectional area and directly connected with the boiler-furnace and through which a portion of the flame and products of combustion or the whole of the products of combustion are caused,

to circulate and which are usually exposed to a temperature of from 1,000 to 1,200 centigrade, so that notwithstanding the provision of the protecting-rings usually applied at a point proximate to the inflow of the flame andproducts of combustion the life of these superheaters is a comparatively short one.

My invention has for its object a construction of superheater for multitubular boilers of great efficiency and which is practically unaffected by the high temperatures mentioned.

In accordance with my invention furnacegases are caused to flow from the furnace to the superheater from a pipe which from the point of its connection with said furnace to thepoint of its connection with the superheater is constantly immersed in the boiler- Lwater and in causing only that quantity of hot gases necessary to the superheating of the steam to flow through said pipe to said superheater,which latter is preferably located almost wholly within the steam-space of the boiler with a view to avoiding the loss of too much heat by radiation. On the otherhand, the superheater, although of the multitubu- 'lar type, is of special construction, whereby its efiiciency is materially increased in that the heater-tubes are made of the greatest possible cross-sectional area.

One of the essential features of my invention lies in the provision of means whereby,

as above stated, only such quantities of heating-gases are caused to flow through the super-heater as are necessary to the superheating of the steam and in sufficiently lowering the temperature of said gases on their way to stood, I will describe the same in detail, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of so much of a locomotive-boiler as will suffice to illustrate my invention. Fig. 2 is a similar fragmentary view illustrating the superheater on an enlarged scale. Fig. 3 is a 'right-handelevation ofthesuperheater. Fig. t is a detail view illustrating a modification in the arrangement of the heat-supply pipes, and Fig. 5 is a face view of the register-disk 'for controlling the flow of furnace gases through the heater-tubes of the superheater.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the superheater is located wholly, or substantially so, within the steam-space of the boiler with a view to avoiding too great a reduction of the temperature of the furnace-gases by radiation, which would necessarily result were the apparatus so located as to be surrounded to a greater or less extent by boiler-Water, although under certain conditions of use, especially where sufficient space is not available, this may be done, in which case the internal cross-sectional area of the pipe 0,, leading from the superheater to the furnace, will have to be correspondingly increased. Said Figs. 1 and 2 also show the said pipe a wholly immersed in the boiler-water from its point of connection with the furnace flue-sheet to the point of its connection with the superheater, or substantially so, and with a view to increasing the heat-radiating capacity of said pipe it may be constructed with radiating-ribs a, so as to more rapidly lower the temperature of the furnacegases flowing therethrough to such a degree as to preclude the heating of the heating-fines of the superheater to a red heat and without reducing the temperature of said gases below the point necessary to superheat the steam circulating in and about the circulatontubes.

The cross-sectional area of the pipe a relatively to the like area of the heating-fines of the superheater will in practice be such as to allow only that quantity of furnace-gases to flow therethrough which at their reduced temperature will sufiice for superheating the steam, so that all injurious etfects of intense temperatures on the pipe a and the heating and circulator tubes of the superheater are effectually avoided.

The superheater is of the tubular type and is constructed for insertion into the boiler through a suitable aperture in the smoke-box flue-sheet and has two circular heads I) and I), each having formed therein a steam-chamber c and 0, respectively, the head 1) having also formed therein a distributing-chamber o for the furnace-gases, which chamber 0 is connected with one end of pipe a, whose opposite end opens into the boiler-furnace F, Fig. 1. The partition between the chambers c and o and the head I) constitutes the finesheets for the heating flues or tubes t, while the inner walls of the chambers c and 0' constituie the tube-sheets for the circulatortubes f, the cross-sectional area of the heating-flues t relatively to the like area of the circulator-tubesfbeing as great as consistent with the available boiler-space.

The steam-chamber in head I) of the superheater has a branch b connected with the usual regulator-head e, and the head b is provided with a branch (1 for connection with the live-steam-supply pipes leading to the powercylinder valve-chests in the usual manner, and on said branch (1 is mounted the register-disk 1 for controlling or cutting 06 the flow of furnacegases through the superheater, said register-disk having a series of apertures t", adapted to be brought into and out of register with the open ends of the heating-tubes, said register-disk having a rod to be manipulated by the engineer from the cab. Finally, to prevent contact of the boiler-water with the heating-fines tthe latter are inclosed within a jacket h, which is provided with longitudinal slots or apertures h for the passage of steam.

The circulation of the furnace-gases and the steam will be readily understood by an By providing a heat-supply pipe to of a cross'sectional area proportionate to the like areas of the heating-fines and by providing means for abstracting a certain portion of the heat of the furnace'gases it is possible to supply the superheater with such an amount of heat as to raise the temperature of the steam to from 200 to 300 centigrade without danger of injury to the apparatus and without requiringspecial regulating devices, because the limit of the temperature to which the steam is to be superheated can be determined by the area of the heat-supply pipe in contact with the boiler-water, so that this regulation lies in the apparatus itself.

Although I have described my invention in its application to a locomotive-boiler, it will be obvious to those conversant with the art of boiler-making that it may be applied to other types of boilers.

I have illustrateda convenient and practical type of superheater; but other types may be used so long as means are provided for supplying the heating-gases thereto in determined quantities and at a determined temperature.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new therein, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination with a steam-boiler, of a superheater contained therein, a pipe connection between one end of the heating appliance of said superheater and the boilerfurnace, said pipe connection water-cooled in the boiler-water and a steam-pipe from the steam-dome to the superheater, both pipes entering the same end of the superheater,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination with a steam-boiler, of a superheater contained therein, a watercooled pipe connection between the furnace and superheater, tubes in the superheater conductingfurnace-gases therethrough,a pipe leading from the steam-dome and delivering steam around said tubes, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination with a steam-boiler, of a superheater located within the steam-space of said boiler, and a pipe connection between the heating appliances of said superheater and the boiler-furnace, said pipe connection water-cooled in the boiler-water and of a crosssectional area proportionate to the like area of said heating appliances to supply only that quantity of heat thereto necessary to raise the temperature of the steam to a given temperature, substantially as set forth.

4:. The combination with a steam-boiler, of a superheater located within the steam-space of said boiler, and a pipe connection between the heating appliances of the superheater and the boiler-furnace, said pipe connection wator-cooled in the boiler-waterand having heatradiating ribs, for the purpose set forth.

5. The combination with a steam-boiler, of atubularsuperheater containedin the steamspace of said boiler and having its steam-circulator tubes inclosed in heating-fines, a distributing-chamber for the furnace-gases in communication with one end of said heatingflues, the opposite end of which communicates with the atmosphere, and a furnacegas-supply pipe connecting said distributingchamber with the boiler-furnace and watercooled in the boiler-water, for the purpose set forth.

6. The combination with a steam-boiler, of a tubular superheater contained in the steamspace of said boiler and havingits steam-circulator tubes inclosed in heating-fines, a distributing-chamber for the furnace-gases in communication with one end of said heatingflues, the opposite end of which communicates with the atmosphere, a furnace-gas-supply pipe connecting said distributing-chamber with the boiler-furnace and being immersed in the boiler-water, and a cut-01f device for cutting off the flow of-furnace-gases through the heater-fines, for the purpose set forth.

7. The combination with a steam-boiler, of a tubular superheater contained in the steamspace of said boiler and having its steam-circulator tubes inclosed in heating-fines, a distributing-chamber for the furnace-gases in ber with the boiler-furnace and being immersed in the boiler-Water, and a jacket inclosing said heater-fines and having longitudinal. slots or passages above the level of the boiler-water, for the purpose set forth.

8. The combination with a steam-boiler of a superheater, means for simultaneously passing steam and furnacegases therethrough without mixing, a jacket therefor partially immersed and cooled by the water in the boiler, substantially as set forth.

9. The combination with a steam-boiler, of a superheater a pipe connection therewith, means for feeding steam through the heater, and a jacket surrounding the same, said pipe connection and jacket wholly in contact with the water in the boiler, substantially as set forth.

10. The combination with a steam-boiler, of a superheater a furnace-gas pipe feeding the same, immersed in the boiler-Water, and means for concentrically feeding furnacegases and steam through said superheater, substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CARL JAOOBI.

Witnesses RICHARD STIPPERGER, WOLDEMAR HAUPT. 

